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Lesson 10 - Lab 3 - Exercises to Demonstrate Filtration, Diffusion and Osmosis
Student Performance Objectives
1. Demonstrate diffusion of a solid in a solid, and a gas in a gas using simple laboratory
equipment and chemicals.
2. Demonstrate filtration utilizing simple laboratory equipment and chemicals.
3. Demonstrate osmosis utilizing simple laboratory equipment and a blood sample.
Lesson Outline
A. Diffusion (solid in a solid) Exercise: Students place several crystals of potassium
permanganate on one side of a Petri dish and several crystals of Methylene blue
on the other
side of the same Petri dish and observe and compare the rate of movement of the
crystals
through the agar. Do this first - observe in one hour.
1. Why does one crystal diffuse more rapidly than the other?
2. What are the molecular weights of these crystals?
B. Diffusion (gas in a gas) Exercise: Open and pour cologne or perfume into a dish
and record
the seconds before students notice the odor. Is the principle of diffusion the
same in gases
and solids?
C. Filtration Exercise: Students prepare funnels with filter paper and pour in water
with
charcoal and CuSO4
1. Does the charcoal pass through?
2. Does the water and copper sulfate pass through? How do you know?
D. Osmosis Exercise: Explain the concept of freely permeable, semi-permeability (selective
permeability), and impermeability with regard to membranes.
1. Osmometer demonstration - observe the upward movement of water in an Osmometer
filled with molasses and dipped in distilled water.
a. Why does water enter into the thistle tube?
b. How high will the water go before it stops?
2. Blood cell hemolysis and crenation exercise: prepare 3 test tubes - one with
distilled
water, one with 0.9% NaCl, and one with 10% NaCl. Place several drops of sheep's
blood into each tube, mix gently and hold up against a white background with
a black
line.
a. Through which tube(s) is the line clearly visible?
b. Through which tube(s) is the line not visible?
c. Use microscopes to observe the blood cells in each tube.
(1) In which tube are the blood cells normal in appearance? Explain.
(2) In which tube are the blood cells crenated? Explain this.
(3) In which tube are there no whole blood cells? Explain this.
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